stupid s t u p i d card

ok.

What was the gold standard

A monetary system where a country's currency is directly linked to gold, allowing for fixed exchange rates.

What was the White Man's Burden

Rudyard Kipling's poem promoting U.S. imperialism.

why is this here

no idea

What did Alfred Thayer Mahan believe

Naval power crucial for national strength.

Why was control of Sea Lanes needed?

Key to global influence and military strategy.

Hawaii Annexation

Annexed in 1898 for strategic military location.

Overthrow of Queen Liliʻuokalani

US-backed coup led by Sanford Dole in 1893.

Alaska Purchase

Acquired from Russia; strategic foothold in Pacific.

Seward's Folly

Criticism of Alaska purchase; later seen as beneficial.

Spanish-American War

Conflict due to Spanish mistreatment of Cubans, then Maine exploded :D

Yellow Journalism

Sensationalized news to influence public opinion.

USS Maine Explosion

Battleship explosion that fueled war sentiment.

Battle of Manila Bay

US victory over Spanish fleet in 1898.

Battle of San Juan Hill

Led by Rough Riders; symbol of American courage.

Treaty of Paris (1898)

Spain ceded Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam to US.

Platt Amendment

Allowed US intervention in Cuban affairs.

Open Door Policy

US advocated for equal trade access in China.

Boxer Rebellion

Chinese uprising against foreign influence in 1900.

What caused the philippine War

Filipino resistance against US control

Insular Cases

Supreme Court decisions limiting rights in territories.

Criticisms of US Imperialism

Concerns over democracy, exploitation, and civil liberties.

Redeemers

Coalition of merchants, planters, and business entrepreneurs. (NOT FARMERS ALLIANCE)

Rented convict labor

A practice used by Redeemers as a profitable venture.

The Lost Cause

A Southern narrative that romanticized the Confederacy and claimed the Civil War was about states' rights rather than slavery.

Kansas Exodus (Exodusters) 1879-1880

A mass migration of African Americans from the South to Kansas, led by former slave Benjamin 'Pap' Singleton.

Causes of Kansas Exodus

Jim Crow laws, violence, and lack of economic opportunities in the South.

Kansas Exodus

Over 40,000 Black Southerners moved to Kansas, many faced economic struggles but preferred freedom over oppression.

Jim Crow Laws

Mandated racial segregation in public spaces and enforced white supremacy through violence, legal discrimination, and social norms.

Ku Klux Klan (KKK)

Used lynchings and threats to suppress Black political power.

Plessy v Ferguson

Supreme Court case that sanctioned segregation under the 'Separate but equal' doctrine.

Homer Plessy

Challenged Louisiana's segregation law by sitting in a 'whites-only' railroad car.

Effects of Plessy v Ferguson

Legalized racial segregation nationwide and justified Jim Crow laws for decades.

Booker T. Washington

Former enslaved man and founder of the Tuskegee Institute who believed in vocational education and economic self-reliance.

Atlanta Compromise Speech (1895)

Encouraged African Americans to accept segregation temporarily while focusing on economic success.

W.E.B. Du Bois

First Black Harvard Ph.D. and co-founder of the NAACP who opposed Booker T. Washington's approach.

Niagara Movement

Demanded full voting rights, equal education, and an end to segregation, Called for political activism and legal challenges to racism, Laid the groundwork for the modern civil rights movement.

Talented Tenth

Belief that the top 10% of educated Black Americans should lead the fight for equality, Advocated for higher education for Black leaders.

Lynching

Extrajudicial murder, often by hanging, to terrorize Black communities.

Ida B. Wells

African American journalist, teacher, and civil rights leader who published investigations exposing lynching as a tool of racial control.

Southern Horrors: Lynch Law in All Its Phases

Pamphlet published by Ida B. Wells in 1892 advocating for federal anti-lynching legislation.

Immigration Restriction League

Founded by elite New Englanders who feared new immigrants (Southern & Eastern Europeans,) Pushed to bar illiterate immigrants through literacy tests to limit immigration.

Immigration Act of 1924

Established quotas for immigration.

Targets of Nativism

Irish & Catholics (1840s-1850s), Chinese immigrants (Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882), Eastern & Southern Europeans (Italian, Polish, Jewish immigrants).

American Federation of Labor (AFL)

Founded in 1886 and led by Samuel Gompers, focused on skilled workers. They Fought for higher wages, shorter hours, and better conditions. did not allow, women,non-whites, and large industries

Knights of Labor (KOL)

More radical union open to all workers, declined after Haymarket Riot (1886).

Industrial Workers of the World (IWW)

Socialist organization that wanted to overthrow capitalism.

Susan B. Anthony & Elizabeth Cady Stanton

Key figures in the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA).

Frances Willard

Leader of the Women's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU).

(ITS A MANNNNNN)

Jane Addams

Founded Hull House to help immigrants & poor women.

Farmers Revolt

response to failing ag. prices and economic dependency in rural areas, south and trans MI affected

Farmers Alliance

largest citizen movement of 19th cen, founded in TX lat 1870s fed gov't should give crop warehouses govt issue loans at low interest rates using crops as collateral

Subtreasuray plan

plan for alliance in politics (wanted a political party, part of farmers alliance)

Populist party

What farmers alliance became, represented "producing classes," not just farmers (farmers in cotton/wheat belts in South West, miners and industrial workers)

Populist vision

represented last great political expression if 19th cen, emphasized importance of woning productive property and repecting dignity of labor

Populist Platform of 1892

adopted at omaha convention decribed nation as on the verge of moral, political, adn material ruin (corruption and economic enequality

Proposed populist reforms (5)

1. direct election of us senators

2. govt control of currency

3. graduated income tax (tax on rich)

4. low cost public financing for farmers to marked their crops

5. recognition of right of workers to form labor unions

1893 economic depression

tension between labor and capital (feds side with business owners)

Coxey's Army (1894)

protest march of unemployed men demanding econom relief; dispersed by fed troops

Pullman strike (1894)

workers at pullman company (HUGE rail company) demand wage cuts, fed govt sent troops(violent clash, cripple national rail sevice, union president Eugene V. Debbs arrested)

Which governor backed the striking miners in the 1894 election?

Governor Davis Waite.

William Jenning Bryant

A Democratic Populist candidate. He supported free silver, progressive tax, bank regulations, and labor rights.

William McKinley

He supported the gold standard because he believed it was needed for business stability. He also supported high tariffs. He is the 25th President known for leading America to victory in the Spanish-American War

Homestead strike

a violent labor dispute in 1892 between the Carnegie Steel Company and the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers over wage cuts and labor conditions, resulting in a significant confrontation between workers and private security.

American Imperialism

The policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force, particularly during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, as seen in events like the Spanish-American War.

Teller Amendment

A provision enacted in 1898 that stated the United States would not annex Cuba following the Spanish-American War, ensuring Cuban sovereignty.

Philippine War

A conflict between the United States and Filipino revolutionaries from 1899 to 1902, following the U.S. acquisition of the Philippines after the Spanish-American War, resulting in significant loss of life and the eventual establishment of American colonial rule.