Mosbys practice mode

what is a function of bile

emulsification of fat

what does amylase digest

starches

what secretes sucrase

the small intestine

what digests proteins

trypsin

a prokaryote is a cell that

lacks a true membrane bound nucleus and organelles

do veins and lymphatic vessels contain valves

yes

what are the four primary body tissues

muscle
nervous
epithelial
connective

by what means do oxygen and carbo dioxide enter and exit the cell

diffusion

what is the main function of microvilli in an absorptive cell

they increase surface area

which chemical constituent in urine is the result of fatty acid catabolism

acetone

which erythrocyte finding is commonly caused by an iron deficiency

hypochromasia

which term describes cells that have sharp, evenly spaced projections around the margin and often appear as the result of slow drying the blood film

crenation

which teardrop shaped, paired intracellular parasite is a piroplasmid protozoan of mammals

babesia spp

under a microscope a tech sees a collection of wbcs with variable nuclear shapes, diffuse chromatin, and blue gray cytoplasm with some vacuoles- which type of cell is this

monocyte

clear colorless rereactive cast composed of mucoprotein or plasma protein, cylindrical with relatively symmetrical sides and rounded ends

hyaline casts

rbcs in urine is called

hematuria

not reliable test for usg

reagent test strips

precursor to erythrocyte

prorubricyte

term that describes variation in the size of rbcs

anisocytosis

what is an exogenous substance in qualitative or semiqualitative urinalysis

creatine clearance

ptx urine specimen is yellow brown to greenish and foams when shake - what is likely present in the ptx urine

bile pigments

describe pollakiuria

frequent urination

define polyuria

formation/excretion of large volumes of urine

cats urine is coludy yet tests indicate it is norma -l which is the most likely cause of the cloudy apperance

fat

most likely cause of physiological thrombocytosis

movement of platelets from the storage pools (spleen) as a result of stress and exercise

what strategy must be avoided in conducting leukocyte evaluation and differentiation

include feathered edge counting

iron deficit and decreased MCHC, increased central pallor- what is the most likely rbc morphology for this patient

hypochromasia

what is mange

mite infestation

for which diagnosis is the baermann tech most useful

lungworm larvae

dipylidium caninum is zoonotic

true

common name for toxascaris leonina

roundworm

intermediate host for dipylidium caninum

flea

describe the taenia spp ova

dark brown and nearly spherical with striations evident

best tech for detecting giardia

centrifugal floatation technique

describe a trematode

fluke or flatworm in the platyhelminthic family

what parasite is the same as sheep hookworm

nematodirus

feline flea scientific name

ctenocephalides canis

what is true about the passive floatation technique

floatation solution must have a higher specific gravity than that of the parasitic material

what is true of cryptosporidium detection

with modified acid fast stains, the oocysts stain bright red to fuchsia pink and measure 4-5 mm in diameter

what is the best way to preserve parasitic samples for shipping to lab

send fresh of mixed at a ratio of 1-3 with 10% formalin

what test involves centrifuging a blood filled microhematocrit tube for 3 mins after eval of a pcv and before tp eval

buffy coat method

what step is the most useful in conducting a skin scraping to test for the presence of cheyletiella

hold and scrape the skin superficially to collect loose samples and crust

cat shows signs of bronchitis, including blood and mucus detected in brnchioles, float reveals rough granualar thick walled barrel shaped straw colored eggs with asymmetrical bipolar plugs- what is the diagnosis

eucoleus aerophilus

what is measured in a liver function profile

total bilirubin
AP
TP

what is a byproduct of muscle metabolism that is produced at a constant rate and filtered out almost entirely by the glomeruli

creatinine

what test is based on feeding of a high fat meal after obtaining the fasted blood sample

bile acids

what pair of electrolytes have one mineral that is negatively charged and the other positively charged

calcium and phosphorus

what enzymes is considered a liver specific enzyme in dogs and cats

alanine aminotransferase

what is the anticoagulant of choice for collecting samples for electrolyte determination

lithium heparin (green top)

what is not usually viewed as an electrolyte though it does carry an electrical charge

bicarbonate

what condition is commonly associated with acute pancreatitis

chronic hyperlipidemia

what is the function of trypsin-like immunoreactivity (TLI)

highly specific assay for canine exocrine pancreatic insufficiency

12 yr F feline with increased levels of PLI - what percent sensitivity for pancreatitis does this indicate

80%

describe the nature of the conjugated form of bilirubin

it is found mainly as a glucuronic acid

what blood content is measured using total dye binding in an automated serum analyzer (assessing liver function in a dehydrated cow)

TS/TP

what condition is rare to see except in cases of dehydration

hypernatremia

with what condition can hypophosphatemia be seen

hyperinsulinism

you must obtain a blood sample to measure oxygenation levels - what step is most important

obtain blood from an artery

what is a common neoplasm seen in cats

renal lymphosarcoma

technique used when cells are forced into the hub of the needle from the pressure of the punctur e

capillary technique in a FNB

infections with histoplasma or balantidium organisms are commonly identified using what

rectal mucosal scraping

a surgeon removes a sample from an external lesion for multiple imprints analysis - what is the best way to prepare this cytologic specimen for examination

tzanck method

-- before cleaning, after cleaning, after debridement and after removal of any scabs

what condition is characterized by the presence of cells with prominent dark black granules

melanoma

microscopic exam of skin scraping sample shows presence of infectious gram-positive cocci within a group of phagocytic cells - what would the infectious agent be

staphylococcus

example of a noninflammatory , nonneoplastic lesion

hematoma

what is simonsiella

normal oral flora

what is an epithelial cell tumor that usually exfoliates in clusters of cells

carcinoma

a transtracheal wash reveals curschmann spirals from the small bronchioles indicating chronic bronchiolar problem - what do these spirals look like

eosinophilic, spiral mucus casts

what is a mesenchymal cell tumor that usually exfoliates single cells

sarcoma

what is the most unusual finding in exam of ear canal secretions

neoplasia

what stain is used specifically for determining the presence of nucleated cells, bacteria, fungi, and mast cells

NMB

what is the correct term for a condensed neutrophil nucleus

pyknosis

describe a mesothelial cell

cytoplasm is slightly basophilic and may contain phagocytic debris

best classification for a cytology sample that contains a few macrophages and greater than 85% neutrophils

purulent

what power can be used to determine predominant cell types but not to describe cellular characteristics

high power 400x

best magnification for assessing wave motion in sperm

40x mag

during collection of a punch biopsy specimen taken from the surface of the skin which step comes first

blot a paper towel

what stains are used in assessing sperm morphology

nigrosin and eosin

what is an abnormal finding in mammary cytology

foam cells
- secretory epithelial cells

wha is a normal finding in the bone marrow eval of a young colt

25% fat

in bone marrow which cells usualy account for 80% to 90% of the erythroid cells

rubricytes and metarubricytes

thoracocentesis in cat is determined to caontain an increased number of lymphocytes - what does this indicate

lymphosarcoma

sample from a thoracic effusion indicates an inflammatory disorder - which cells most likely predominate in this sample

neutrophils

what is the goal of streaking for isolation

obtain bacterial colonies that are isolated from each other so they can be identified

what are goals of salmonella-shigella agar

select pathogenic enteric bacteria

differentiate on the basis of lactose fermentation

differentiate on the basis of hydrogen sulfide production

what cannot be used to sterilize a bacteriology loop

an incubator

what is true of campylobacter spp

can be presumptively identified on a gram stain by their shape

require a microaerophilic environment to grow

a lactose fermenting bacterial colony is what on macconkey agar

purple

a bacterium that grows only on the TSA/blood agar plate is what

a fastidious organism

what provides ideal conditions for growing fungal cultures

room temp, in a dark environment

what test is used on all gram positive cocci to differentiate btwn staphylococcus and streptococcus which are catalase negative

catalse test

why are all media plates incubated upside down

to prevent condensation from dripping onto cultures

lab tech needs to grow only gram neg organisms - what type of media will be mostly helpful

selective media

what agar is referred to as blood agar plate

trypticase soy agar with 5% sheeps blood (TSA)

what tube media is a broth used to bring bacteria to a certain turbidity level when performing diffusion antibiotic sensitivity testing

brain heart infusion (BHI)

what body area when healty is nonsterile - that is it contains resident bacteria and fungi (normal flora) that must be distinguished from disease-causing organisms

upper respiratory tract

what is a sterile abscess

an abscess that has no bacterial cause and whose culture will result in no growth

which swab is generally considered more appropriate for anaerobic specimens

gel containing swab

what tube media is a sterile solution used for diluting gram negative bacteria for API identification testing

sodium chloride 0.85%

(NaCl 0/85%)

the lid pops off a blood specimen from a horse 6 days after inoculation - what is most likely the cause

sample has produced anaerobic, gas producing bacteria