sound waves

longitudinal waves that can only travel through matter

longitudinal wave

a wave that makes the particles in the material that carries the wave move back and forth along the direction the wave travels

vibration

is a rapid back and forth motion that can occur in solids liquids or gases

medium

a material in which a wave travels through

compression

a region of a longitudinal wave where the particles in the medium are closest together

rarefaction

a region of a longitudinal wave where particles are farthest apart

amplitude

for a longitudinal wave the maximum distance the articles in a medium move from their rest positions as the wave passes through the medium

intensity

the amount of sound energy that passes through a square meter of space in one second

wavelength

the distance between a point on one wave and the nearest point just like it

frequency

the number of wavelengths that pass a point each second

picth

how high or low a sound is

Doppler effect

the change of pitch when a sound source s moving in relation to an observer

interference

occurs when wave that overlap combine forming a new wave

resonance

an increase in amplitude that occurs when an object vibrating at its natural frequency absorbs energy from a near by object vibrating at the same frequency

absorption

the transfer of energy by a wave to the medium through which it travels

reflection

the bouncing of a wave off a surface

echo

reflected sound wave

reverberation

the collection of reflected sound from the surface in a closed space

acoustics

the study of how sound interacts with structures

echolocation

the process an animal uses to locate an object by reflected sounds

sonar

a system ghat uses the reflection of sound waves to find underwater objects