AP Psychology: Topic 3.2 - Physical Development Across the Lifespan

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16 Terms

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Teratogens

agents, such as chemicals and viruses, that can reach the embryo or fetus during prenatal development and cause harm

<p>agents, such as chemicals and viruses, that can reach the embryo or fetus during prenatal development and cause harm</p>
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Fine motor coordination

using small muscle groups for controlled movements, particularly in object manipulation

<p>using small muscle groups for controlled movements, particularly in object manipulation</p>
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Gross motor coordination

using large muscle groups for controlled, goal-directed movements

<p>using large muscle groups for controlled, goal-directed movements</p>
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Maturation

the emergence of psychological and behavioral characteristics over time; a process occurring in stages which are governed by genes.

<p>the emergence of psychological and behavioral characteristics over time; a process occurring in stages which are governed by genes.</p>
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Reflexes

involuntary, automatic responses to sensory stimuli, such as the knee-jerk response

<p>involuntary, automatic responses to sensory stimuli, such as the knee-jerk response</p>
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Rooting reflex

a baby's tendency, when touched on the cheek, to open the mouth and search for the nipple

<p>a baby's tendency, when touched on the cheek, to open the mouth and search for the nipple</p>
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Visual cliff

a laboratory test of depth perception for infants and young animals

<p>a laboratory test of depth perception for infants and young animals</p>
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Critical periods

times in the developmental sequence during which a person must experience certain kinds of social or sensory experiences for the normal development of a particular behavior

<p>times in the developmental sequence during which a person must experience certain kinds of social or sensory experiences for the normal development of a particular behavior</p>
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Sensitive periods

times in development when a person is particularly open to learning a certain skill

<p>times in development when a person is particularly open to learning a certain skill</p>
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Growth spurt

a relatively sudden and rapid period of physical growth during puberty

<p>a relatively sudden and rapid period of physical growth during puberty</p>
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Puberty

the period of maturation during which a person becomes capable of reproducing

<p>the period of maturation during which a person becomes capable of reproducing</p>
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Primary sex characteristics

the body structures (ovaries, testes, and external genitalia) that make sexual reproduction possible

<p>the body structures (ovaries, testes, and external genitalia) that make sexual reproduction possible</p>
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Secondary sex characteristics

aspects of sexual maturity not directly related to reproduction, such as voice quality, facial hair, and breast size

<p>aspects of sexual maturity not directly related to reproduction, such as voice quality, facial hair, and breast size</p>
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Menarche

the first occurrence of menstruation

<p>the first occurrence of menstruation</p>
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Spermarche

first occurrence of ejaculation

<p>first occurrence of ejaculation</p>
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Menopause

the natural cessation of menstruation (and related biological changes) as a woman's ability to reproduce declines

<p>the natural cessation of menstruation (and related biological changes) as a woman's ability to reproduce declines</p>
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