Incentives and School Quality

ethiopian paper goal

estimate effect of childhood environment on future outcomes

background of ethiopian paper

• ethiopian jews moved to israel

• some placed in good schools others opposite

Contributions of ethiopian paper

• new id strategy

• long term focus

ID strategy ethiopian paper

• ethipions randomly assigned

• regress ethiopian academic outcomes on school quality measures

• control for individual and family characteristics

Summary of Results ethiopians

• good math elementary school reduces chances of dropping out

• increased pass rates in matriculation

• good verbal program school no effect

Possible outcomes for ethipians in paper

• dropping out

• advance to various stages of education (without repeating grade)

• pass matriculation exams

What is done to check for random assignment

• test for balancing on observed characteristics and found no correlation between background characteristics and measures of school quality

Significance of results in ethiopian study

• giving migrants better education can close attainment gaps between migrants and natives

possible reason for low verbal elementary effect

ethiopians did not speak hebrew so effects minimal

How was school quality measured

4th and 5th gracde percentile of school results taken and compared, assign top quartile a score of 4 and so on

Teacher effort and grading ethics paper aim

has performance based pay had effects on teacher performance and student performance

Econometric Strat in paper on teacher performance

• DID exploiting natural variation in program

• School and time fixed effects

• robustness checks

3 robustness checks used in lavy

• placebo tests

• testing for pre trends

• testing grade manipulation by using external and internal tests

What was the intervention in teacher pay performance paper

• bonus paid on actual outcome - predicted outcome

• tounament structure as each teacher entered multiple times

• teachers with positive residual get bonus

Results in teacher performance study

• perfomance pay improved students academic performance especially in maths and english

• weaker students improved the most

• significantly more teacher effort

• no grade inflation by teachers

cost of this teacher program compared to others

• 2% increase for a 170 cost per student

• student binus costs 300 but 6-8% increase

• cost 270 for school incentives but small effect

• targeted instruction time 1100 per student 11% increase

What does indian teacher paper examine

teacher incentive program by NGO seva mandir

set up of indian teacher study

120 chosen 60 control, camera given have to take a photo every day if you come 20 days or less 50 rupees fine if you come more 50 rupees per additional day

effect on teacher attendance performance study

• 20 percentage point increase

• stronger effects for teachers with below median test scores

identification straegy of teacher in india paper

• its called a randomized controll trial

student learning effects teacher study india

• no effect on child attendance

• major gains in math 0.15 sds and language 0.16 sds

• 43% increase in graduation to government schools

other benefit of india teacher strategy

• very cost effective for large effect